Against the Law by David Gordon

Published by Grove Atlantic/Mysterious Press on May 25, 2021

The third book in the Joe the Bouncer series returns Joe Brody to the fight against terrorism. Joe is a former Special Forces guy who has conquered addictions and other demons. Now he works as a strip club bouncer who does freelance work for Gio, the Mafia boss who owns the club. His freelance work so far has advanced the New York underworld’s war on terror, a war it fights because terrorism is bad for business. And because doing occasional favors for the FBI and CIA has its perks.

Much of Against the Law will be familiar to series readers. Joe the criminal continues his flirtation with Donna the FBI agent, who continues her distrust of the CIA agent to whom she was once married. Joe continues something more than a flirtation with Yelena the Russian criminal. Donna’s mother continues her friendship with Joe’s grandmother. All of those characters play important roles in the novel.  As one might hope and expect in a series, a couple of these relationships change by the time the novel ends. Even a subplot involving Gio’s marital problems, exacerbated by proclivities that he tried to hide from his wife, appears to be resolved.

The story begins in Afghanistan, where Joe has traveled to kill Zahir, a nemesis he has seen before. Zahir has been smuggling high quality heroin into New York by unknown means. Zahir seems to be trying to corner the New York drug market with better heroin than the locals are supplying. Zahir then funnels the profits to terrorist cells. New York’s criminal organizations don’t appreciate foreign competition. Gio and the other crime czars are paying Joe a half million dollars to take out Zahir.

When Joe’s mission doesn’t go as planned, the plot detours to a corporation called Wildwater (think Halliburton combined with the company formerly known as Blackwater). The CIA is in bed with Wildwater, which is in bed with Zahir and with a psychopathic military contractor named Toomey. Toomey’s take on the war against terror is to inflict some terror of his own, bringing about the clash of civilizations for which people on the far right long, provided they are not personally inconvenienced by the clash. All of those entities in the same bed makes a predictable mess. It falls to Joe and his underworld buddies, with an assist from Donna, to clean up the mess and once again save New York from imminent disaster.

This book seems to bring to an end to a three-book arc, while leaving room to move forward with the development of certain characters and their relationships. While the familiar characters are likeable, the familiar plot — Joe takes on terrorists, fights and kills and survives — has become a bit predictable. I have enjoyed all the Joe the Bouncer novels, but I enjoyed this one less because it seemed like a book I had read twice before. I hope David Gordon moves Joe away from terrorism plots and toward something fresh and original in the next novel. Still, I look forward to reading the next one because Joe the Bouncer remains a unique and engaging criminal protagonist.

RECOMMENDED

The Apocalypse Seven by Gene Doucette

Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt/Mariner Books on May 25, 2021

The Apocalypse Seven is a light, moderately clever take on post-apocalypse fiction combined with a mystery. The story imagines that seven characters wake up and notice an accumulation of strange things as they go about their business. At first, they notice the absence of traffic sounds. When they go outside, they notice the absence of other people. And then they notice that things have changed. There are deer roaming in the city. Grass hasn’t been mowed; lawns have gone wild. Electricity isn’t working. Batteries are dead. An occasional building has disappeared or been replaced with a different building. Toward evening, they notice the wolves, which turn out to be coyotes bred with dogs. And eventually they notice that the weather is strange.

As the title implies, the seven characters eventually come together. Five of them wake up in Boston or Cambridge. One is a woman in the nearby countryside whose horse has disappeared. The seventh is a preacher in New Hampshire. One of the women who work up near Harvard is blind; her dog is gone. The fact that they all find each other so easily is difficult to believe, but the reader will need to suspend belief repeatedly to enjoy the novel.

Given the evident changes in their environment, it will be obvious to the reader that some time passed while the characters were sleeping. It takes the characters a surprisingly long time to work that out. It also takes surprisingly long before they realize that they each have a different understanding of what year it was when they went to sleep. The characters are more focused on speculating about the reason everyone else has disappeared — they decide to call it the whateverpocalypse — and wondering whether they should be searching for other survivors.

Much of the novel is spent exploring each character’s reaction to the need for immediate survival. A 14-year-old girl contributes her lock picking skills. A woman from MIT is good with stars and calculating the passage of time. The preacher is good with a gun and the horse woman — who finds and tames a wild horse — is good with a bow. The blind woman is good at taming wolves. The other two guys aren’t terribly useful but they supply manual labor and moral support. Working together and helping each other, they manage to survive some mildly harrowing experiences. At some point a new kid makes a brief and babbling appearance, but he doesn’t last long.

The mystery, of course, is the cause of the whateverpocalypse. Contributing to the mystery are some sparkling lights that appear at seemingly random intervals, sometimes taking vaguely humanoid shapes and other times just spinning around like disco balls. Then there’s a white tube with a cap sticking out of the ground, constructed of an unknown material, that seems to have some significance to the sparkling lights. Finally, there’s something like a ghost with body odor who occasionally appears and speaks to the characters, unless they are imagining him.

I won’t give away the answer to the mystery but I will say that Gene Doucette supplies one. It even makes some superficial sense if you don’t try to pick it apart. I’m not sure that everything in the story makes sense, nor am I sure that every event that deserves a credible explanation receives one, but the plot is really just a vehicle for the characters to interact with each other as the pursue their post-apocalyptic survival adventures.

The characters are all remarkably cooperative and relatively drama-free. That makes them likable, but it diminishes the story’s dramatic tension and makes the characters a bit dull. But the book is a light and easy read and the nature of the apocalypse and the sparkling lights and the malodorous apparition is all fun to ponder for as long as it takes to finish reading the novel. This isn’t the kind of book a reader is likely to think about after finishing it, but it makes a good beach read.

RECOMMENDED

Under the Wave at Waimea by Paul Theroux

Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt on April 13, 2021

Paul Theroux’s new novel takes as its plot the life of a surfer. For a time, his life seems too superficial to sustain a plot. Joe Sharkey is a high school dropout, a stoner who — apart from a gig in his youth as a lifeguard — has never had a job. Millionaires envy Sharkey, “they wanted his friendship, they praised his life, the life he had made out of accident and desperation and dumb luck, his whole existence a form of escape, fleeing to the water to be himself and protecting himself on land by telling lies about his life.” Sharkey seems mindlessly happy, untroubled because he is disconnected from the ordinary concerns that plague the rest of us. How could such an empty life be interesting? In the literary hands of Theroux, anything is possible.

As the novel begins, Sharkey is 62, still surfing, but battling aches and doubts. He is a legend whose fame and skills are both diminishing. Theroux is 80 and, at least as a writer, has not diminished a bit. The story is about aging, but it is also about atonement and the search for meaning in life. In the novel’s last third, Sharkey’s mindless happiness has become mindful regret. There is more to life than happiness, Theroux reminds us. Under the Wave at Waimea suggest that true happiness can’t be attained without true understanding. “If I don’t know myself,” Sharkey asks near the novel’s end, “how can you possibly know me?”

The story is told in three parts. The first and last take place in Sharkey’s present. The middle of the novel constructs the details of Sharkey’s life. As an Army brat whose father wants him to go to West Point and serve in Vietnam, Sharkey gets kicked out of a private school for smoking weed and refusing to rat out his source. He’s ostracized as a haole in a public school but escapes the bullies by isolating himself on a surfboard. Over the years, building a life from sun and sea, Sharkey wins competitions, gets endorsement contracts, has sex with beach bunnies, and travels the world, never once reading a book or thinking that his life is missing anything worthwhile. He forms a superficial attachment to Hunter Thompson but never troubles himself to read the autographed copy of a book that Thompson gives him. Eventually Sharkey meets Olive, a kind and patient woman who loves Sharkey despite his faults, including his self-absorption, his unthinking failure to make her a meaningful part of his life.

The novel’s first part leads to its defining moment as a buzzed Sharkey, driving in the rain on a dark night while telling Olive a story from his past, hits and kills a homeless bicycle rider. Sharkey tells the cop who shows up that he hadn’t been drinking. The cop, recognizing Sharkey as a legendary surfer, doesn’t seem interested in investigating the death of a homeless man. When Olive presses Sharkey to discuss his role in the death, Sharkey dismisses it as inconsequential, but something about the death changes Sharkey, reduces him, makes him feel his age and steals his motivation to surf. Sharkey’s near drowning and Olive’s miscarriage send the message that a dark cloud is hanging over a life that Sharkey has always regarded as sunny and carefree.

The last part of the novel picks up the story of an unfocused Sharkey who is smoking too much weed and surfing too little, still refusing to acknowledge the importance of killing another human being. Tired of listening to Sharkey respond to her confrontation with “he was a homeless drunk,” Olive embarks on a quest to reconstruct the man’s life. He might have been a homeless drunk when he died, but she learns that he was much more than that during his life. Even in hard times, he was a trusted friend, an inspiration to those who knew him.

The quest takes Olive (with Sharkey in tow) to Arkansas and back to Hawaii, where they meet men who have fallen on hard times, including some Sharkey knew in his childhood. Olive forces Sharkey to add up his life, the life in which he feels so much pride, and stack it up against the remarkable highs and tragic lows of the life made by the man Sharkey dismisses as a “drunk homeless guy.”

Theroux is among the best painters of word pictures. From faces to fingernails, from rocky shores to moonglow on a distant headland that looks like “an outstretched paw,” Theroux’s descriptive prose invites visualization. Hawaii, of course, is a remarkable place to visualize. Theroux captures not just the beaches and waves but the beauty of a culture that values integrity and truth while practicing the ugliness of racial judgment. Sharkey believes that Hawaii’s beauty is pure, that everything ugly about the islands — drugs, shoes, plastic bags, crime scene tape — comes from the mainland. Sharkey only belatedly wonders whether he is part of the ugliness that has contaminated the native purity.

There is a lot to unpack in Under the Waves at Waimea. To some degree, the novel is about white privilege. Sharkey is a haole, scorned by many native Hawaiians until he proves himself as a surfer, but he gets endorsement contracts that better, native surfers never seek. Late in the novel Sharkey is accused of having “snobbed” his native peers. For the most part, the novel is about self-discovery, about the importance of kindness and the need to put aside self-satisfaction to live a truly happy life. But it is also about setting aside judgment, about recognizing the complexity and value of others, about not basing opinions on one sliver of a multi-faceted life. There is some redundancy in Theroux’s effort to make his points — there isn’t much subtlety here — but the points he makes are important and the story is both moving and memorable.

RECOMMENDED

Why the Innocent Plead Guilty and the Guilty Go Free by Judge Jed S. Rakoff

Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux on February 16, 2021

Jed Rakoff covers much more than the two topics featured in the title of this brief overview of the problems that plague the judicial system. His first chapter discusses America’s ridiculous overreliance on incarceration as a solution to crime. He acknowledges a correlation between a declining crime rate and a swelling prison population while reminding the reader that correlations do not prove causation. When I was taking criminology decades ago, I remember a professor arguing that crime rates correlate with age because “crime is a young man’s game.” Crime rates may well have fallen because baby boomers got older, not because more of them were locked up. In any event, Judge Rakoff explains that mass incarceration has social costs that must be weighed against the potential benefits of a declining crime rate. Another punishment chapter explores the perils of using the death penalty in a system that is plagued by mistake and racism.

A few chapters explore the reasons that the judicial system so often imprisons the innocent. Mistaken eyewitness identifications and junk science masquerading as forensic science are two of them. Both subjects have been explored at length in other books and journal articles, but Judge Rakoff’s book is a good introduction for readers who want a quick summary. I particularly liked the judge’s advocacy of the suggestion that forensic science should be conducted by independent organizations, not by crime lab technicians who regard themselves as working for the police. Science should be neutral, but forensic scientists who see themselves as “helping” the police have a proven tendency to slant their conclusions to support an arrest.

The innocent plead guilty because they fear they will get a longer sentence if they risk a trial and lose. The risk is appreciable, given the evidentiary problems and biases that impair the system’s fairness. Judge Rakoff calls for greater judicial involvement in plea bargaining (although perhaps not involving the judge who presides in the case) to assure that the evidence actually supports guilt and that the defendant is actually guilty.

A chapter on brain science is again a useful introduction to the uneasy relationship between a judicial system that holds people accountable for intentional misconduct and a branch of science that can’t tell us what the word “intends” even means. Again, excellent books and articles have been written on the subject that explore the topic in greater detail.

Some of the middle chapters tackle problems in more depth. I particularly liked Judge Rakoff’s nuanced explanation of the Justice Department’s failure to prosecute corporate leaders for financial fraud, opting instead to “change corporate culture” by entering into deferred prosecution agreements with corporations that the companies view as a cost of doing (fraudulent) business.

Other detailed chapters bemoan the federal courts’ loss of authority to correct unfairness in the state criminal justice systems, largely through a whittling down of habeas corpus review. In that context, Judge Rakoff explores the impact of the “war on terror” on the loss of federal authority to assure that states respect the federal Constitution. Congress and conservative justices on the Supreme Court have been complicit in assuring that profoundly unfair decisions in state court, as well as unjust detentions at Guantanamo, are largely ignored by the federal judiciary.

Political observers have long documented the rise of executive branch power at the expense of congressional oversight. Judge Rakoff suggests that judicial oversight of the executive branch in our system of checks and balances has been nearly abandoned by the Supreme Court (particularly, I would add, when the president is a Republican). The judge offers a history lesson that stretches from the Supreme Court’s first Chief Justice to explain how the Court’s view of its institutional power is rooted in a politically expedient deference to a branch that holds greater power (lacking command of a military, the judiciary depends on the executive to enforce its decisions). That deference is particularly strong when the executive branch claims authority to trample rights in the interest of national security.

Along the same lines, Judge Rakoff examines judicial doctrines, including narrow interpretations of standing (the rules that determine who has suffered an injury that entitles a litigant to sue) and the political question doctrine (the notion that some issues, like gerrymandering, are better decided by legislatures than courts), that shield governmental misconduct from review. Another chapter discusses the difficulty of obtaining access to the civil judicial system for a variety of reasons (such as the prevalence of arbitration agreements and the cost of hiring a lawyer — a cost that banks foreclosing a mortgage can bear more easily than homeowners facing foreclosure). He returns the discussion to the criminal justice system by emphasizing an earlier point about the ways in which defendants and their lawyers have grown increasingly powerless, as sentencing guidelines and other procedures divert decision-making authority from judges to prosecutors, who often decide (regardless of the defense lawyr's skill) not just the crime of conviction but the sentence that will be imposed. That regime has resulted in ever-increasing sentences.

All of this will be familiar to people who follow law and the judiciary. The system really is broken. It has been for years. For those who aren't familiar with the problems that Judge Rakoff spotlights, the book serves as an excellent introduction to a variety of problems that need to be addressed. Judge Rakoff suggests possible improvements at various places in the text, but meaningful improvement will only come if America insists upon Supreme Court justices who value justice more than their interest in maintaining a system that is largely designed to keep power in the hands of the powerful.

RECOMMENDED

Robot Artists and Black Swans by Bruce Sterling

Published in an illustrated edition by Tachyon Publications on April 27, 2021

Seven Bruce Sterling stories are collected in Robot Artists and Black Swans. I liked a couple of them, was amused by a couple more, and didn’t understand the rest. That’s consistent with my experience of Sterling’s work.

A forward explains that these stories of “fantascienza” are written by Bruno Argento, a Turinese writer whose pen name is Bruce Sterling. The stories are linked by their connection to Italy. Neal Stephenson contributes an introduction that extols the virtues of cyberpunk, which some of these stories might be.

The robot artist in the collection’s title is a wheelchair that once belonged to a Japanese artist. Now it roams around the world, making art in various ways, assembling “mosaics of pebbles” or weaving “great lattices from twigs and dry grass, creations like fantastic bird’s nests.”  The wheelchair is followed by Ghost Club intellectuals who document its creations for the appreciation of the Beau Monde. Its current follower is Wolfgang, who defends it from those who view science as being at war with the humanities. Wolfgang is convinced that the wheelchair is producing important art, but he is struggling to find a “clear line of critical attack” to explain to the world exactly why the wheelchair must be valued. He likens the robot artist to beautiful cities like Verona, “authentic entities, growing from landscapes,” loved for their beauty despite (like the robot artist) not being alive or intelligent. A scientist who accuses Wolfgang of belonging to a cult wonders why he would “walk the Earth making up weird artsy bullshit about a cheap parlor trick,” prompting the retort that science is “notoriously useless for seeking metaphysical truth or establishing ethical values.” Both arguments have merit. The story dramatizes culture wars, asks whether there might be artistry in computer code, ponders the role of art, science, and critics in life, considers whether there is a “third state of being,” and asks whether art can be good if we don’t understand it. Add a post-anthropologist who considers herself to be superhuman and you’ve got quite a story. While it sometimes drags in its exploration of plot tangents, “Robot in Roses” showcases Sterling’s far-ranging imagination.

The other story that grabbed me is “Esoteric City,” a tongue-in-cheek tale of the supernatural. A necromancer named Achille Occhietti conjures a demon mummy as his guide to the dark spirits. The mummy leads Occhietti down a spiral staircase to Hell, a “keenly tourist-friendly” path with glossy signs “that urged the abandonment of all hope in fourteen official European Union languages.” Dead Italian journalists and literary critics make the most noise in Hell. Occhietti is fated to return to the world of the living to meet Satan, who has rejected “Cold War-style metaphysics.” To make a deal for souls now, he offers global solutions to climate change — at a price.

“Black Swan” is about a tech journalist whose source, Massimo Montaldo, hacks “chip secrets” to manipulate the industry. Montaldo wants to release his hack of a revolutionary memristor to an Italian company so that Italy will no longer be a second-rate tech power. When the journalist insists on learning the source of the technology, Montaldo explains his knowledge of 64 Italys that exist in 64 universes. In one of them, the tech writer made more of himself than he did in the universe he occupies.

“Kill the Moon” is a cute story about Italians who followed American astronauts to the moon. Instead of sending scientists, Italy sent a billionaire and “his busty actress girlfriend.” Because Italy.

Three other stories did nothing for me at all, so I can only recommend half the collection.

RECOMMENDED WITH RESERVATIONS